Recreation

How to Estimate Airport Taxi Time

April 26, 2024

Every day there are 5,000 to 10,000 commercial airplanes in the skies. After each flight, these airplanes land at airports, which only have limited runway space. Once airplanes finish landing, they must taxi the airport off the runway so other airplanes can take off. The taxiing process takes time, and it’s one of the leading causes of delays at airports. In the past year alone, 1.7 million extra minutes of taxiing were spent nationwide due to delays at O’Hare and other airports.

Airport surface traffic flow information can be gathered from several sources, including aircraft position data, air traffic control (ATC) radar, and ground surveillance cameras. The information gathered can be used to predict taxi times, optimize runway utilization, and improve aircraft pushback control.

Seamless Transfers: Navigating the Taxi Airport Experience

Several scholars have developed regression models to estimate surface taxi time. For example, in 2010, Gupta and colleagues used mixed-integer linear programming to generate flight routes that satisfy a specified timeline with minimum total delays and no conflicts. The resulting solution included the estimated taxi time for each section of the airport surface traffic operations network.

In addition, some scholars have applied heuristic improvements to the FAA APO method for estimating unimpeded tax-out time. For instance, in 2016, Zhao et al. replaced the number of departing aircraft on the departure queue with departure traffic characteristics to improve their model’s prediction accuracy. They also added the taxi distance to the estimation process. The results from this study showed that the model improved significantly.

…

📌

0💬 read more

Cheap EV Cars

April 11, 2024

cheap ev cars

Buying an electric car doesn’t have to cost an arm and a leg. Cheap ev cars come in all shapes and sizes, and they’re packed with the latest technology. Some are even surprisingly spacious, making them perfect for family road trips. These affordable EVs may not offer the high-tech interiors and advanced safety features of pricier models, but they still provide excellent value.

Prices start in the low $20,000s for a Nissan Leaf or Chevrolet Bolt EV and go up to more than $170,000 for an ultraluxurious Lucid Air, with most falling somewhere in between. Keep in mind that those numbers don’t take into account federal clean vehicle tax credits, which can save you up to $7,500.

Affordable and Eco-Friendly: Cheap EV Cars

When shopping for an affordable EV, you’ll want to consider the total ownership costs as well as energy costs. EVs vary in efficiency, which is measured by the number of kilowatt-hours used per 100 miles. A higher kWh/100 miles rating means more costly electricity, so a lower one is better.

It’s also important to factor in other operating expenses, including insurance rates and maintenance costs. Keep in mind that EVs typically need fewer mechanical parts than gas-powered vehicles, which can lead to lower repair bills and lower ownership costs overall. Additionally, options and upgrades like large wheels can add to the sticker price and reduce an EV’s fuel economy, so be sure to leave some wiggle room in your budget for unexpected expenses.

…

📌

0💬 read more